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Discover the latest trends and insights on public software development activity on GitHub with data from the Innovation Graph through Q3 2025.
Today’s data release marks our second full year of regular releases since the launch of the GitHub Innovation Graph. The Innovation Graph serves as a stable, regularly updated source for aggregated statistics on public software development activity around the world, informing public policy, strengthening research, guiding funding decisions, and equipping organizations with the evidence needed to build secure and resilient AI systems.
With our new data release, we’ve updated the bar chart race videos to the git pushes, repositories, developers, and organizations global metrics pages.
Let’s take a look back at some of the progress the Innovation Graph has helped drive.
One of the most rewarding aspects of the past year has been seeing the growing range of research questions addressed with Innovation Graph data. Recent papers have explored everything from global collaboration networks to the institutional foundations of digital capabilities.
These studies showcase how network analysis techniques can be applied to Innovation Graph data, in addition to earlier work we referenced last year linking open source to economic value, innovation measurement, labor markets, and AI-driven productivity through other methodologies.
Research by an economist at the Federal Reserve Board uses GitHub data to examine how the density of Protestant mission stations correlates with present-day participation in digital production across African countries.
Researchers from MIT, Carnegie Mellon, and the University of Chicago analyze international collaboration patterns in the Innovation Graph’s economy collaborators dataset, shedding light on how common colonial histories influence modern software development collaboration activities.
A social network analysis by researchers at Midwestern State University and Tarleton State University highlights the tightly connected, small-world structure of global OSS collaboration.
These researchers extend countries’ software economic complexity into the digital economy by leveraging the geographic distribution of programming languages in open source software, showing that software economic complexity predicts GDP, income inequality, and emissions, which have important policy implications.
The Innovation Graph and related GitHub datasets were featured prominently in academic and policy discussions at a wide range of venues, including:
We were also encouraged to see Innovation Graph data referenced in major international reporting. In 2025, two pieces in The Economist drew on GitHub data examining China’s approach to open technology (June 17, 2025) and India’s potential role as a distinctive kind of AI superpower (September 18, 2025). Coverage like this reinforces the role that data on open source activity can play in understanding geopolitical and economic shifts.
Once again, Innovation Graph data contributed to several flagship reports, including:
We continue to value these opportunities to support macro-level measurement efforts, and we’re equally excited by complementary work that dives deeper into regional, institutional, and community-level dynamics.
As we move through 2026, we’re grateful for the community that has formed around the Innovation Graph, and we’re looking forward to building the next chapter together. Our focus will be on deepening collaboration, welcoming new perspectives, and creating clearer pathways for people to apply the Innovation Graph data in their own contexts, from strategy and research to product development and policy.
